5月31日,国家统计局发布的数据显示,5月份,中国制造业采购经理指数(PMI)为51.9%,比上月高0.5个百分点,制造业总体扩张有所加快。然而,5月26日,众城智库在贵阳大数据博览会上发布的《2018先进制造业发展白皮书》却指出,随着新一轮产业迁移加快,制造业流出风险加大,成为中国发展先进制造业面临的挑战之一。
affect the development of Chinese manufacturing industry. Only by taking technological innovation as the driving force and grasping new development opportunities can we overcome the impact of the outflow of manufacturing industry.
近年来,不少外国制造业企业离开中国,而多家外资制造业巨头开始考虑回到本国设厂。对此,有专家表示,中国的智能制造目标是以高端制造业为主,随着高端制造企业回流,势必会带走相关领域先进技术,影响中国制造业发展。只有以技术创新为驱动,把握新的发展机会,才能克服制造业流出的影响。
difficult point. On June 2, liu wenqiang, vice President of the China academy of electronic information industry development, told sci-tech daily.
It is urgent to build a manufacturing innovation center
"The global manufacturing industry is undergoing a series of profound changes and the global manufacturing innovation system is being
“制造业的变革凝结了大量的技术创新产品,是创新最集中最活跃的领域,也是各国技术创新的主战场。中国制造转型升级由大变强——出路在创新,难点也在创新。”6月2日,中国电子信息产业发展研究院副院长刘文强在接受科技日报记者采访时说。
建设制造业创新中心迫在眉睫
“全球制造业正在发生一系列深刻的变化,全球制造业创新体系也在进行重构,所以,加快建设新型创新体系至关重要。”刘文强说。
刘文强介绍,当前,全球制造业正呈现出新的趋势,主要表现为:从技术研发角度看,单项技术正在向多项技术转变;从研发主体看,正在广泛地参与推动多领域、跨主体的多主体协同创新;从创新速度看,创新迭代非常快,速度致胜使得创新的各环节交叉并行;从价值体现来看,商业模式创新拓展实现了新的价值。
electronic information industry development, told sci-tech daily.
It is urgent to build a manufacturing innovation center
"The global manufacturing industry is undergoing a series of profound changes and the global manufacturing innovation system is being reconstructed. Therefore, it is important to accelerate the construction of a new innovation system." "Said liu.
刘文强表示,在此背景下,世界各国都在加快推进制造业战略,建设新型的创新载体。中国制造正处于由大到强的重要关口,离制造强国还有一定的距离。一方面自主创新能力不强,关键核心技术缺失,受制于人;另一方面创新载体分散重复,许多研究中心在研发内容上有所重叠,缺乏统筹。
此外,科研成果转化不畅,许多国内大中型工业企业研发经费占比不足1%,而美国、日本、德国等发达国家则普遍在2%以上。
“面对这些问题,加快建设制造业创新中心、推进创新体系建设可谓迫在眉睫。”刘文强说,创新中心的主要目标是为了最大程度地整合创新资源,解决产业共性技术问题,推动科技成果的转移转化,实现产业化攻关。
"In the face of these problems, it is extremely urgent to speed up the construction of innovation centers in manufacturing industry and promote the construction of innovation systems." Liu wenqiang said that the main goal of the innovation center is to integrate the innovation resources to the maximum extent, solve the common technical problems of the industry, promote the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and achieve industrialization.
与传统的工程研究中心、工程实验室载体相比,制造业要建设的创新中心更强调:打造新型的创新链;解决资源分散重复封闭交叉问题;解决创新和产业如何发展的问题。
刘文强认为,创新中心的核心是开放合作。在管理运行中,要突出市场化机制、突出自我持续发展,采取小核心大平台的模式,通过产业联盟以及行业吸纳更多的创新资源和创新机构。同时,要建立政产学研相结合的市场化机制,最终实现“自我造血”。
In addition, the transformation of scientific research results is not smooth, and many domestic large and medium-sized industrial enterprises account for less than 1% of the r&d funds, while the United States, Japan, Germany and other developed countries generally account for more than 2%.
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