随着“工业4.0”和“中国制造2025”的提出，智能制造的概念被日益热炒，如果说互联网改变了人们的消费模式，那么智能制造将彻底改变生产模式，重构整个价值链的实现方式。但是如何正确理解智能制造呢？本篇文章王博士从不同角度对智能制造进行阐述，让大家对智能制造体系有个准确、全面的认知。
China is vigorously promoting the "made in China 2025" national strategy, and many enterprises have listed "intelligent manufacturing" as their strategic vision and goal. As is known to all, intelligent manufacturing is the future new manufacturing mode, as the change of market demand unceasingly rich connotation and denotation, is integrated with technology innovation, model innovation and organization innovation of the advanced manufacturing system, is also the integrated manufacturing, lean production and agile
当前我国正在大力推进“中国制造2025”国家战略，很多企业将“智能制造”列为其战略愿景和奋斗目标。众所周知，智能制造是未来全新的制造模式，随着市场需求的变化不断丰富内涵与外延，是集成了技术创新、模式创新和组织方式创新的先进制造系统，同时也是集成制造、精益生产、敏捷制造、虚拟制造、网络化制造等多种先进制造系统和模式的结合体。
At present, China is vigorously promoting the "made in China 2025" national strategy, and many enterprises have listed "intelligent manufacturing" as their strategic vision and goal. As is known to all, intelligent manufacturing is the future new manufacturing mode, as the change of market demand unceasingly rich connotation and denotation, is integrated with technology innovation, model innovation and organization innovation of the advanced manufacturing system, is also the integrated manufacturing, lean production and agile manufacturing, virtual manufacturing, network manufacturing, and other advanced manufacturing system and the combination mode.
在企业两化融合咨询服务过程中，客户无一例外把最终的目标设定为实现智能制造，但不同的企业，其信息化发展水平不同，容易出现两个极端的倾向：
organization innovation of the advanced manufacturing system, is also the integrated manufacturing, lean production and agile manufacturing, virtual manufacturing, network manufacturing, and other advanced manufacturing system and the combination mode.
1、认为智能制造无所不能，迫切希望引入一套全新的“智能制造”系统来解决自己面临的所有问题；
2、认为当前智能制造的概念大于本质，说到底与当前的数字化企业差别不大，升级并用好当前的ERP、MES等软件就实现了智能制造。
显然，这两种倾向的产生都是对智能制造体系的理解不全面、不准确导致的。智能制造是一种制造范式，有多个不同的维度，不同的维度会给出不同的理解。
organization innovation of the advanced manufacturing system, is also the integrated manufacturing, lean production and agile manufacturing, virtual manufacturing, network manufacturing, and other advanced manufacturing system and the combination mode.
工信部和国标委联合在2015年12月30日发布《国家智能制造标准体系建设指南》，包含了我国的智能制造系统架构，从生命周期、系统层级和智能功能三个维度构建。由于是从专业技术角度来描述，广大客户并不能完全理解。因此，本文希望从不同角度来对智能制造进行简单的阐述，希望能够抛砖引玉。
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一、从生产资料加工的角度来理解
传统的制造是对物质资料的处理与加工，将原材料转化为产品。所有的传统制造过程是在现实的“物理”环境中，融合人们的相关“经验”进行生产，全部过程是看得见的。
智能制造需要在两个空间中进行生产：一是基于模型与知识与虚拟过程的制造，包括仿真、模拟；二是现实世界的加工生产过程。在现实世界中，加工生产过程中融入在虚拟世界形成的“知识”。虚拟制造对现实制造进行不断的干预、优化和控制。
As is known to all, intelligent manufacturing is the future new manufacturing mode, as the change of market demand unceasingly rich connotation and denotation, is integrated with technology innovation, model innovation and organization innovation of the advanced manufacturing system, is also the integrated manufacturing
二、从产品的生命周期来理解
传统制造过程中，生产出产品后通过分销渠道提供给客户，并只承诺客户提供有限时间的质量担保（如售后服务的时间限制，而企业的真实想法也是尽可能少地给客户提供售后服务，因为产品价值已定的情况下相关服务会扩大成本支出）。
As is known to all, intelligent manufacturing is the future new manufacturing mode, as the change of market demand unceasingly rich connotation and denotation, is integrated with technology innovation, model innovation and organization innovation of the advanced manufacturing system, is also the integrated manufacturing
反之，智能制造提供的产品+服务，通过不同的服务创新满足客户个性化的需求，强调的是客户体验。智能制造希望在产品全生命周期能够与客户建立粘性，不断提供客户与产品生命周期一致的创新服务。从产品一生来看，首次的产品价格可能占到收入的50%以下。
As is known to all, intelligent manufacturing is the future new manufacturing mode, as the change of market demand unceasingly rich connotation and denotation, is integrated with technology innovation, model innovation and organization innovation of the advanced manufacturing system, is also the integrated manufacturing
三、从管理重点的角度来理解
传统大规模生产模式下，制造过程是成本中心，通过高效率和精细化的制造过程管理，其目的是满足质量标准最低要求下的成本最低。在市场竞争中，产品价格（传统制造中产品同质化非常严重）是最为重要的因素。
反之，智能制造环境下，制造环境是直接面向利润和价值创造的。制造过程的设计中，客户的深度参与、个性化定制、按订单生产等模式，目的是不断的新价值创造（在这个过程中，虽然产品有差异，但总体来说直接成本相差并不大，但产品价格的组成中，创新服务占比很大）。
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